Car side construction.



YW. H. YOST.

CAR SIDE CONSTRUCTION.

APPucAnoN man 1AN.21. |914.

` Patented May 28,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Mrnnulldwll I li nl avvio W. H. YOST.

CAR SIDE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED 1AN.21. |914.

Patented May 28,1918.

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CAR SIDE coNsTRucTloN.

Patented May 28,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WINFIELD HANCOCK YOST, OF MONTREAL, QUEBEQCANADA.

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Specification of Letters Patent. 'i Pgttqgntggd lll/ Tay 2%, jlgbjl.

Application filed January 21,l 1914. Serial No. 813,431.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, WINrmLD HANCOCK Yos'r, citizen of the vUnited States, vand resident of the city of Montreal, Province of Quebec, Canada, have invented `certain new and useful improvements in Car Side Construction and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descrip-,

tion of the same. j

This invention relates to fballast carsY 0r carswhich are preferably constructed with openf ends and adapted to have their contents discharged through the sides by means of, a plow, the invention appertaining particularly to the construction of the car sides. In plowing olf cars of this'type the side stakes obstruct a considerable quantity of the material Lbeing discharged, which obstructed material becomes so tightly packed between the stakes and plow `as thelatter moves forwarchthat a pressure is established which the stakes are unable to withstand j and they are vconsequently forced ontwardly and broken away from thecar- Up to the time of 'the present invention it has been proposed to avoid this damage and at the same time maintain adequate guidesfor the j plow ythroughout the length of the 4carby the use, in place `of certain ofthe ordinary stakes, stub stakes or stakes of reduced height. j.

An object of the present inventionis to avoid damage tothe car by providing car sides which `are so constructed as to be capable of yielding, pressure set up bythe plow and thereby avoid the setting up of a damaging pressure between the car sides and the plow.

Then a plow is passed through a car of ordinary construction spaces are presented between the practically vertical sides of the car and the inclined sides of the plow and it` has'l been found that when one side only of the car is opened to discharge the material, boulders and the like instead of being discharged frequently lodge in the space be tween the plow and the closed side of the car, with the result that such boulders are nmmed a'ainst the car side and damao'e the a j p zo same. 4

The invention has for another object to avoid this damage by so constructing the ear sides that they are adjustable and yieldingly maintain position closely adjacent to the without injury, under .the

plow irrespective of the position of the latter in the car `and thus do away with the spaces at `the sides of the plow;

Further obj hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

For fullV comprehension,` however, `0f my invention reference` must be had to thea'ccompanying,drawingsforming a part of this specification in which similarreference characters indicate the same parts and wherein;

"Figure y1 isa transverse section of a car constructed according to my invention, the

ects and advantages `will be stake at theleftV of the ligure illustrating a i modified form; j Fig. 2 isa side elevation of a portion of the car with parts broken away; f i j j j Fig. 3 isa horizontal section of a portion of the carside;`

y Fig. t is a'detail section illustrating the position of the stakes and doors justas the latter are released;

Fig. 5 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 4c showing the stakes swung outwardly against the springs;` and j j j j F ig. (i` is a `detail perspective viewillustrating the connection of the spring-box` with the ustub stake. j

Theunderstructure of the caris of the approved construction including center sill 2, side sills 3 and cross-bearers 4 with the floor 5 thereon. l Eachside of the car is of thelusual construction j inasmuch as it includes side stakes and top rails 6 supported by and extending between the tops of the stakes and having doors 7 j hinged thereto as at 8.

, Formerlythe side stakeshave been rigid,` that is to say immovable with relation to the car and as a consequence have each constituted an abutment which, being unyielding, causes the above described packing of the material therebetween and the plow "until such a pressure is established that the stakes` are broken or their connections with the car pulled away. To avoid this I provide stakes 9 which are connected to the car in a Inanner enabling the stakes to assume different positions with relation to the car, being preferably pivoted near the bottom to the car and permitted to swing laterally"y of the car so that when the plowinoves through the same and tends to pack the materialagainst the tight packing of the material and the consequent damaging pressure upon the stakes.

above the flooring a comparatively short distance to act as a plow guide, such stake being provided with a wear plate 10a and pressed inwardly or recessed as at 10b for the reception of such wear plate so that the latter will be flush with the sides of the stubstake and I no't'interfere with the movement of the pivotedstake and also avoid the formation of an obstruction vfor the accumulation of material.v The, inner faces ofboth the pivoted stakeand the stub stake are preferably beveledfor curved in horizontal section so that the plow, if ithappensto strike against the stakes, will ywork around and not catch upon the same and damage them. The stakes 9 may be of' anys'uitable constructiomft'hose shown in the drawings being each of channel cross-section, disposed with its-open side facing out from the car and inclosing the inner side margin' of the stub stake. The inner face of the stub stake is beveled as at 11 n and the pivotedv stake cut away as at 12 to enable 'it' to inclined overhanging the' car swing over thestub stake and out fromthe car, the beveled inner face 11 providing aiiat bearing surface for the pivoted stake as shown at the left of Fig. 1 and in this vposition the stub stake provides an abutment for the support of the outwardly pivoted stake. Curved members 9c are secured to the sides of the pivoted stakes 'and` form thecurved or beveled inner face of the latter. l

The outer edge of the lower portion of the stub 'stake may be provided with laterally extending flanges or stops 14 and the sides 15 of the stake 9, below the pivot point, may be located between these flanges and the side sill ofthe car, so that when the pivoted stake swings in either direction its lower end engages with and is braced by either the flanges or 'the side sill and its movement Ithereby limited. The flanges 14 are spaced a/'distance from the side sills to permit sufficient movement of the lower portions of the sides 15 to enablethe pivoted stake to assume either 'an inwardly inclined position or' a position inclined outwardly from the latter, while theopposite vedges of the side portions 15 are preferably downwardly tapered so that they will b'eariiat 'against the stops formed by the flangesfll and side sill 3, the inn'er tapered edge being'laterally flanged kas at 15a.

shown at the left of Figjl the stub stake flanges may `be omitted and the lower end of the pivoted stake rounded oil. In thislmodilied form the outward swinging of the stake is limited by its engagement with the beveled face 11 of the stub stake, while the inward swinging of such stake is limited by the engagement of the stake against the floor of the car, particularly the enga gen'ient of the lower ends of the stake members 9c with the Hoor.

The support of the top rails and through them the doors, requires few stakes whereas plow guides are necessary at comparatively frequent intervalsalong the ear sides and aecordingly I prefer to utilize a reduced number of two-part or high stakes together with stub stakes 1G intermediate of the latter. The stub stakes, being of reduced height, only extend a short distance above the llooring 5 and thus permit the discharging matcrial to freely pass thereover and through the car sides and it will therefore be seen that the stub' stakes 10 and the intermediate stub stakes 16 provide adequate plow guiding means but are not of sullicient height to so obstruct the material as to set up a damaging pressure, while the pivoted stakes, by yielding as the material is pressed thereagainst, also avoid the setting upof a damaging pressure.

When plowing olf a car the top rails are frequently damaged by rocks 0r lumps of material which are caught between the plow and .toprails or forced up against the latter and to avoid this damage I have provided for a limited upward movement of the car sides including the top rails whereby under thepressure of the obstructions such toprails will move up and so enable the obstructions toV work thereunder and out of the car instead of damaging the top rails as heretofore, the top rails dropping to their normal position when the obstruction drops away. I secure this advantageous result by forming a 'pin and slot connection between the stub stake and stake 9. In the drawings the stub stake is formed with a slot 10ll within which a pin 10J carried by the stake 9, is located.

The stub stakes 10 are preferably of channel scross-section i 7ith their open side facing outwardly from the car and between each stub stake and pivoted stake a spring 17 is located which yieldingly holds the pivoted stake against outward movement and normally maintains this stake in its inwardly inclined position overhanging the car flooring. The spring 17 is contained in a box 17a pivotally mounted between the sides- 15 of the stake 9 preferably by means of pins 18 upon such sides and which enter slots 19 formed in the box 17. One end of the box is open and the spring protrudes at this end and has a rounded bearing` head 2() thereon, the opposite end of the box being closed and having one or more hooks 21 thereon and a lip 22 located above the hooks and curved 1 ,267,834 litt;

lupwardly therefrom to form with the hooks a flared opening. Laterally extended flanges 2Oa are also formed upon the box at its closed end.

rlhe beveled inner face 11 of each stub stake is out away at the top at 21a and the upwardly extending sides formed by the cuts are notched on their inner edges to form shoulders 18a. When the doors are closed and the stakes 9 in their normal position overhanging the car flooring the boxes 17 a and hooks 21 are located between the upwardly extending sides of their respective stub stakes, with the flanges 20a at the closed ends of the spring boxes bearing against the shoulders 18e of the stub stakes and the springs 17 expanded with their*` heads 2() bearing against the outer faces of the pivoted stakes. i

A crank shaft 24 is located at the outer side of the doors at each side of the car and passes through slots formed by straps 25 secured to the doors. The offset portions 26 of the shafts inclose the spring boxes, being located within the hooks 21 and adjacent to the closed ends of the boxes and in this position the doors are held against inward' or outward movement while the pivoted stakes `have a movement against the resistance of the springs, limited by the engagement of the stakes with thevopen ends of the boxes 17a. To hold the doors more securely fastened the crank shafts may, if desired, be offset atlta `adjacent to the stub stakes 14 andthe latter formed with shoulders 14 against which the offset portions `14@ are adapted to bear.

'The crank ,hafts are adapted to be swung up to release the doors and to facilitate the opening of the doors the offsetportions 26 are preferably inclined as shown at the right of'Fi g. 1. The locking position of the shafts is maintained by pawls or cams 27 which are pivoted to the doors abovethe shafts and are adapted to be swung into engagement with the latter, which 'may be inwardly offset as at 28 for-this purpose.

When a plow is to be passed through the ear, the cams 27 are swung out of engagement with the crank shafts and as the plow forces the material against the doors they swing open upon their hinges 8 the main portions 24 of the shafts moving in the slots formed by the straps 25 and swinging upwardly and outwardly with the offset portions 26 as their center or fulcrum, see Fig. 4.1 If the plow presses against the stakes 9 or as the discharging material tends to pack between the plow and the stakes, the latter, `by means of the slotted connections between them and the boxes 17a,mov'e outwardly against the yielding resistance of the springs 17 (seeFig. 5) and so avoid thev setting up ,of a'pressure and consequent damage ofthe stakes." When the crank shaft is turned to the position shown in Fig. 4f, the doors are positively held in their open position.

The movement of the doors as they swing upon their hinges is determined by the extent of the offset portions 26 and to relieve the pressure at the side of the car when this limit is reached the swinging of the crank shafts is continued in the same direction as the initial movement thereof (see arrow Figs. 1, i and 5) with the result that the `fulcrum point is transferred to the main portions 24 of the shafts and the oset portions 26 swung'up out of engagement with the hooks 21, thus completely releasing the doors'. As the offset portions 2G swing up from the hooks they encounter' the lips `22 and tilt the spring boxes out of engagement with the stub stakes and so release the pivoted stakes which are then free to swing to '85 their position inclining outwardly from the car, the spring boxes passing through the openings 21a in the stub stakes. When the `boxes 17 a are tilted their inner or open ends swing down until the ends of the springs engage with stops 17b secured to the stakes 9 below the pvot points of the boxes and this position of the boxes is yieldingly maintained by the springs which expand as the boxes swing down and the pins 18 being at this time near the closed end of the boxes also tend to hold the boxes tilted. The boxes are returned to their locking position by inserting the crankshaft portion in the fiar-ed openings presented by the curved hooks 21 100 and lips 22.

As seen at the left of Fig. 1, when the stakes 9 swing out they carry the top rails and doors with them, the doors in addition to the stakes, assuming an outwardly inclined position with relation to the car. The car side being thus moved to an outwardly inclined position presents an unusually large discharge opening,I the hinge points S of the doors having been carried bodily to a point spaced out from the car, enabling the doors to swing farther away from the car than heretofore. ln addition to this the normal capacity of the car is increasedat the discharging period and the material loosened and consequently the plowing off of the same more easily performed.

Formerly, in the ordinary type of ear, when plowing off to one side only, a space was left between the closed side of the car and the plow 30 as indicated by dotted lines Fig. 1 and, as above described, boulders and the like, instead of being discharged, frequently lodged in this space and as the plow moved forward were jammed against the closed side of the car and lamaged the latter. The possibility of damage occurring in this manner is prevented by inclining the pivoted stakes inwardly, as described, so that they assume a position closely adjacent 13o to the plow and bodilyfshitt the top rails and doors so that they valso assume .such a position and do away with the space at the side .of the plow, as indicatedat .the right of Fig. l. The springs 17 yieldingly lmaintain the inwardly inclined position yot t-he stakes .and through them that .of the top rails and doors so that they are held close to the plow in the .event .of the latter moving laterally lof the car.

As .described a-nd indicated by v.the drzawings the sides of the car, including the stakes, are adapted to swing or be adjusted from a position overhanging the car licor, across the pivot point -of the' stakes `9 to a posi-tion inclining out from the car underfstructure `and flooring, these .sides being ,also 4permitted .a vertical movement and by so constructing the car .sides damage is prevented as such sides are permitted to yield under the pressure set up during .the plowing olf .operation instead nf resisting such pressure as formerly. Furthermore the retardation ofV the `discharging material is greatly reduced by the enlarged .discharge spaces resulting from ythe lswinging tof the top rails, the doors land their hinge points `b odily outwardly from :the car sides.

What I claim' is as follows:

,1. A car, the sides of which are yieldingly held in fan inwardly inclined position with relation'to the car. `2. A .car adapted .to have a plow passed thenetln'ough and having swinging ,sides adapted to assume an inwardly inclined position with relation to the car.

3. open ended car `having inwardly inclined sides. 4

4. A car havi-ngan inward-ly inclined side adapted to ,be moved to .an outwardly inclined `position with `relation to .the Vcar.

5. In a xcar adapted lto have .a plow passed therethrough and having a yieldingside including stakes and doors hinged .between .the stakes, such side vbeing yadapted .to be moved by .the plow.

V6. A ballast .car adapted `to have a plow passed therethrough .and having a laterally adjustable side.

7. I-n a car, the combination with hinged side doors, y'of means for controlling .such doors including a crank :shaft having a shifting Afulcrum.

`8. In a car, .the combination with pivoted sta ies and doors hinged between lthe stakes, of means for controlling the stakes and doors.

9. In -a car, the combination with pivoted stakes and doors hinged between the stakes, of retaining means adapted to release the doors independently yof the stakes.

1'0. In a car, the combination with a stub stake secured to the Lcar, of a stake pivoted to the stub stake and adapted to swing `outwardly vfrom `the car.v

oted stakes and 11. In a car, a :stake pivoted between its lends to the `car and a .stop `adapted to be .at all times in the lateral path of the lower portion of the pivoted stake to limit the movement of the latter.

12. A car having a stake adapted to swing from an inwardly inclined position to an loutwardly inclined position with relation to the car and a stop adapted to be .engaged by .the stake in each position.

18. In a car, the .combinati-on with .the side sill, of a stub Istake secured to the side sill, lateral fiianges upon the vouter side oi the stub stake and spaced from .the side sill 'and a stake pivoted between its ends to the stub stake, vthe lower portion of the pivoted stake ibeing located between the lianges and the side sill.

1l. In a car, the combination with pivoted stakes, of stub stakes located intermediate .of the pivoted stakes.

15. A car having a stake pivoted to the .car and adapted to swing outwardly from the latter :and yieldingly held against such movement.

1,6.. In a .car, the combination with pivoted side stakes adapted to swing outwardly from .the car .and hinged doors supported by such side stakes, of means for fastening the stakes and doors, such means being adapted to .be operated to successively release the doors and stakes.

17. In a car, the combination with a .stub stake .and a stake pivoted to the stub stake and yadapted to .swing outwardly from the car, of a .spring located between the stub stake and pivoted stake to yieldingly resist the movement :of .the latter, a stop for limiting .the movement of the stake against the spring .and means for removing the stop and the spring.

18. vIn a car, a stub stake and astake pivoted to the stub .stake to swing outwardly from the car, such stub stake being adapted to form an abutment for the pivoted stake.

19. A car having swinging sides adapted to assume an inwardly inclined position with relation .to the vcar and including hinged doors.

20. In a car, the combination with Lpivoted stakes and doors hinged between the stakes, of retaining means for ,the stakes and doors including a -crank shaft having two .distinct fulcnu-m points. P

2l. In `a car, .the combination of pivoted stakes and doors hinged between the stakes.

22. In ka car, the combination with rpivdoors yhinged between the stakes, `of means for locking the stakes.

23. A ear having stakes and doors hinged between the stakes, such stakes being adapted sto .swing to an outwardly inclined position with respect to the car body.

.24. A ca-r having afstake adapted to swing from an inwardly inclined position to an outwardly and upwardly inclined position with respect to the car.

25. In a car, the combination with stakes pivoted to the car, of supporting means carried by the stakes and a door hinged to said means.

26. In a car, the combination with side stakes, a top rail upon such side stakes and swinging doors, of means for permitting an upward movement of the stakes, top rail and doors.

27. In a car, a stake pivoted between its ends to swing transversely to the car and a stop at either side oit' the lower end of the stake, the upper end of said stake being permanently disposed above floor level of the car.

28. In a car, .the combination with the side sill, of a stub stake secured to the side sill, extending a short distance above the side sill and being beveled on its inner face, lateral flanges upon the outer side of the stub stake and spaced from the side sill and a stake of channel cross-section pivoted between its ends to the stub stake and adapted to bear against the beveled face of the stub stake, the lower portion of the pivoted stake being located between the side sill and the iianges of the stub stake.

29. In a car, the combination with a stub stake, of a stake pivoted to the stub stake and a spring located between the two stakes.

30. In a car, the combination with twopart stakes, each including a stub stake and a stake pivoted to the stub stake and adapted to swing outwardly from the car and hinged doors supported by the pivoted stakes, of a movable stop between each of the stub stakes and pivoted stakes and means for holding the doors closed and adapted to be operated to successively release the doors and remove the stops between the stub stakes and pivoted stakes.

31. In a car the combination with a stub stake and a stake of channel cross-section inclosing the stub stake and pivoted thereto, of a box pivoted between the sides of the pivoted stake and bearing at one end against the stub stake, Va spring protruding at the opposite end of a box and bearing against the pivoted stake and means for tilting said box out of bearing position with the stub stake. y

32. In a car, the combination with stub stakes, a stake of channel cross-section inclosing each stub stake and pivoted thereto and hinged doors supported bythe pivoted stakes and presenting slots, of a box pivoted between the sides of each pivoted stake and bearing at one end against the stub stake, a hook at such end of the box, a lip upon the box above the hook, a spring protruding at the opposite end of the box and bearing against the pivoted stake and a crank shaft at the outside of the doors and located in said slots, the oset portions of such shaft being located in the hooks of said boxes.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this` specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WINFIELD I'IANGGK YUS'I.

Witnesses:

STANLEY C. KING, JAMES C. FRAsER.

copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner et Patente, Washington, JD.. G. 

